The present book is the first book based on the syllabus prescribed by the University Grants Commission on IKS. The book incorporated two-decade long research efforts by the authors in this field. The book is based on needs the of learners. Easy to understand English is used. Each chapter follows the following sequence:- Learning objectives Structure of the chapter Text and cases Summary Keywords Expected Learning outcome Self-Test Questions to test Knowledge Understanding Analysis and Application Multiple Choice Questions with answer key. Further readings Important matter which needs special attention is given as Appendix at the end of the Chapter. The book is divided into 4 units as per the syllabus. Each unit consists of two chapters. This book contains total 8 chapters. Size and content are kept limited to suit the capacity and time available with an average learner.