This book introduces the basic concepts of environment and ecology and analyses them in a clear and easy to understand manner. It is comprised of seven chapters that: highlight the components of the environment and its importance introduce natural resources, their conservation and case studies examine types of ecosystems, ecological pyramids and ecological succession discuss the status of biodiversity in India and measurement techniques, value of biodiversity and conservation strategies illustrate environmental social problems such as pollution and their prevention and control discuss biogeochemical cycles explores renewable and non-renewable energy, minerals and drought. Chapter end exercises (short and descriptive questions) are provided.